Anaphora or epanaphora is a rhetorical figure of speech where the first word, phrase, or clause is repeated in one or more successive sentences for emphasis.
What is Anaphora or Epanaphora?
This figure has the same effect as polysyndeton has. Both these figures are used for emphasis, reinforcement, and long lasting persuasive effect. In anaphora, the first word or phrase or clause of a sentence is repeated in one or more successive sentences. Though this figure is mainly used in poetry, it can very effectively be used in prose too. Let's take some examples.
Examples of Anaphora in Sentences
Examine these examples carefully to understand how the repetition of words or phrases works at the beginning of successive clauses or sentences:
- 1. (a) I came, saw, and conquered.
(b) I came. I saw, I conquered.
[ In this sentence both anaphora and climax have been used. ] - 2. (a) What things did you do there?
- I played, swam, fished, and had a picnic.
(b) - I played, I swam. I fished, and I had a picnic. - 3. Is not old wine wholesome, old pippins toothsomest, old wood burn brightest, old liner wash whitest? Old soldiers. sweet-heart, are surest, and old lovers are soundest?
— Webster: Westward Hoe - 4. If I have it done by others, you say it's not well-done. If I do it myself, you say it's not I who have done it. If I don't do it, I'll have to compensate. Tell me what to do.
- 5. What he says is not true; What he does is not constructive: What he believes is wrong and biased. Don't mix with him. Even, don't talk with him at all.
- 6. When you are away, I miss you; when you are near. I don't understand you. You are my sorrow. You are my dream.
Continue exploring more literary devices to enhance your understanding of syntax and sentence structure on english-grammarblog.blogspot.com.
- 7. Curse be on those who don't love men; curse be on those who love men only to deceive them; and curse be on those who love men like fareweather friends. Only those who love selflessly are to be honored.
- 8. I love everything that's old-old friends, old times, old manners, old books, old wine. — Goldsmith: She Stoops to Conquer
Key Takeaways
- Anaphora (also known as epanaphora) involves repeating the first word, phrase, or clause in successive sentences.
- Both anaphora and polysyndeton serve to provide emphasis, reinforcement, and persuasive effect.
- While predominantly found in poetry, this figure of speech works exceptionally well in prose too.
Quick Practice
Test your understanding of Anaphora or Epanaphora by writing your own example sentence utilizing this rhetorical device in the comments below!
FAQ
What is the main purpose of anaphora?
Anaphora is used for emphasis, reinforcement, and creating a long-lasting persuasive effect in both poetry and prose.
Can anaphora be used in prose?
Yes, though this figure is mainly used in poetry, it can very effectively be used in prose too.